LIGATURES: when two or more letters are joined together to form a single character. Some ligatures represent certain sounds, like the diphthongs æ œ
*Bookman does have ligatures
FOOT MARK: aka "prime symbol" looks very similar to an apostrophe, but should be used for mathematics and measurements. Depending on the font, it can be very difficult to tell the difference, but correcting this common mistake can set your typography apart.
APOSTROPHE: used in contractions and to show possession of something. Usually, these are more curved or curly than the simplistic foot mark.
INCH MARK vs. SMART QUOTE: inch marks, like foot marks, should only be used in measurements, they are usually straight and simple. However, "smart quotes" should be used to signify a quotation. These marks tend to be curlier than inch marks.
HYPHEN: mostly used for the formation of certain compound terms and for word division, never use a hyphen in the place of an en dash or an em dash.
EN DASH: slightly wider than the hyphen, but narrower than the em dash, the en dash is mostly used for representing a span or range of numbers, dates, or times.
EM DASH: depending on the context, the em dash can take the place of commas to enhance readability, parenthesis for a less formal sentence, and colons when you want to emphasize the conclusion of a sentence.
